The pressure equipment that can be evaluated includes storage tanks, boilers, heat exchangers, piping, pressure vessels, etc. Following are some common flaws for which FFS evaluations are performed:
Fitness For Services
Pressure equipment is assessed using fitness-for-service evaluations to check them for a wide variety of flaws.
- Fire Damage
- Generalized Corrosion
- Cracks
- Dents
- Localized Corrosion/ Corrosion under insulation
- Bulging
- Blisters and Laminations
- Pitting Corrosion
- Fire Damage
A Full Range of the FFS Experience
All types of damage that can take place in the petrochemical and refining industries are evaluated by FGI. The evaluation is performed on a wide variety of the following:
- Heat exchangers
- Pressure vessels
- Storage tanks
- Process piping
- Heaters (casing, tubes, and stacks)
- Transmission pipelines
- Mechanical components of specialized equipment
FGI is experienced in the assessment of the following damage mechanisms:
- Hot tap thermal analysis
- Brittle fracture, including tank hydrotest exemption
- Blast loading and other dynamic effects
- General and locally corroded areas, including pitting
- Mechanical vibration
- Laminations and blisters, HIC and SOHIC damage
- Wind-induced vibration of towers, stacks, and pipelines
- Bulges and out-of-roundness
- Modeling of weld residual stresses and incorporation into crack-like flaw assessment
- Crack-like flaws, including stress corrosion and fatigue crack growth
- Local PWHT of weld repairs
- Dents, gouges, and dent-gouge combinations
- Tank shell and edge settlement
- Evaluation of hot spots
- Ring joint flange cracking
- Heater tube remaining life
- Fatigue evaluation of welded joints
- Evaluation of high-temperature equipment for creep and creep-fatigue damage
- Thermal and mechanical fatigue
- High-Temperature Hydrogen Attack (HTHA)
- Fire damage
